repellant

Water-repellent glass (WRG) is a transparent coating film fabricated onto glass, enabling the glass to exhibit hydrophobicity and durability. WRGs are often manufactured out of materials including derivatives from per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), polydimethylsilicone (PDMS), and fluorocarbons. In order to prepare WRGs, sol-gel processes involving dual-layer enrichments of large size glasses are commonly implemented.Glasses enriched with WRG coatings prevent water droplets from sticking to the surface due to hydrophobic properties. These properties are achieved through high water-sliding property and high contact angles with water drops (over 100°). Additionally, durability against both chemical and mechanical attack allows the coating to protect the glass from abrasion due to windshield wipers, rainwater, and other weather conditions.
WRGs are most commonly used commercially for automobile windows to increase visibility in precipitous weather conditions and nighttime driving. In industry, WRG's were first used by Volvo Cars first on their late-2005 vehicles, and have also been used by Japanese automobile makers such as Toyota, Honda, and Mazda. Additionally, WRG has other practical applications such as eyewear and photocatalysts.

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