Smart glass or switchable glass (also called a smart window or switchable window) is a glass or glazing whose light transmission properties dynamically alter to control the passage of solar irradiation into buildings. In general, the glass changes between transparent and translucent and vice versa, either letting light pass through or blocking some or all wavelengths of light.Smart glass technologies tend to use materials that are
electrochromic,
photochromic, or
thermochromic.When installed in the envelope of buildings, smart glass helps to create climate adaptive building shells, providing benefits such as natural light adjustment, visual comfort, UV and infrared blocking, reduced energy use, thermal comfort, resistance to extreme weather conditions, and privacy. Some smart windows can self-adapt to heat or cool for energy conservation in buildings.
Smart windows can eliminate the need for blinds, shades or window treatments.Some effects can be obtained by laminating smart film or switchable film onto flat surfaces using glass, acrylic or polycarbonate laminates. Some types of smart films can be applied to existing glass windows using either a self-adhesive smart film or special glue.
Spray-on methods for applying clear coatings to block heat and conduct electricity are also under development.
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